The Moors were a diverse collection of medieval Muslims—mainly North African Berbers and Arabs—who conquered and governed parts of the Iberian Peninsula (modern-day Spain and Portugal) from the 8th through the 15th centuries. The word “Moor” was a European term used to describe these North African Muslims and was later applied more loosely to dark-skinned peoples. In reality, Moorish society was ethnically varied, including indigenous North Africans, Arabs, and Arabized Iberians, while darker-skinned Black African soldiers also played important roles within their armies.





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